Cooking Issues Transcript

The Five Families (feat. Adam Leonti)


Hello, everybody, and welcome to a brand new series on heritage radio network called the culinary call sheet where we give a peek into the back kitchen of culinary media. I'm your host, April Jones,

and I'm your co host, Darren bresnitz. Part of why we started the show was to offer an unofficial mentorship for anyone who's interested in learning about all aspects of food and video, whether that's TV, social media online, or just something you want to do for fun.

Absolutely what was once niche or a little silly, as I'm sure you remember, Darren, when we started out, this man has now become such a massive playing field for so many creatives using food as the medium.

It's something that has driven us professionally and personally, for so many years. What excites me the most about this show is that we're going to sit down with some of the industry leaders to hear how they made it and what drew them into this industry.

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We'll be covering everything from how to style your food, to how to license IP, to developing your own ideas, and some tips from the masters of how to host your own show.

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This week on meat and three we look at how we've adapted to a new normal during the pandemic, from the business of restaurant tearing and the new habits of composters to learning from the past to prepare for the future. We're exploring what came before and what lies ahead.

People in charge of the collections in the acquisitions looked at me and we're like, What the hell are you trying to sell me cookery for?

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Tune into meat and three wherever you get your podcasts for the latest stories in the world of food

Stassi what's hot like?

I think when it's like at Heritage where they have the Jumpstart where

you accidentally say something live on the air that you don't mean to which technically we're all doing right now.

Hello and welcome to cooking issues this is Dave Arnold your host of cooking issues coming to you live with a low recite Anastasia the hammer Lopez from Stamford, Connecticut. John renewal from the Murray Hill. Mat from his Brooklyn booth booth it and today's special guest

out all millennion JT,

where are you hanging out on?

Upper West Side?

Upper West Side. Oh yeah, you live in the Upper West Side? Yeah. Pretty new work down and you work down in the initial it's kind of a crab commute to my right.

I just ride my bike so I don't have to take the train.

How long is how long does that bite that 3035 minute ride? What is it?

Little less like? 25? Probably.

I like that. I love a bike ride. I don't have my bike my real bike anymore. Now I am a city bike guy. So are you like I used to be where you hate locking your bike. So it's just it goes from inside the inside and you never lock it anywhere.

That's exactly how I do it. It goes inside the restaurant where inside my house and that's it.

Yeah, my old chain used to weigh as much as my bike and so I just never carry it around with me, which is why actually city bike makes it kind of more convenient for running errands where I'm not allowed to bring my bike and for those of you that don't know, I've never ridden a bike in New York City. There's all of these buildings with all these crazy anti bike policies. And when you ride your stars, you remember this when you had the folding bike? Oh, yeah. And so what you do is is like, you ride up to the door, and then you're like, because you know, you're about to have an argument with this fool. You know what I mean? At the front of the building? And then you're you know, you get all you get all bent styles. How many arguments did the both of us get into with people about our bikes?

So many but Dave, what's worse on a city bike seat that keeps falling or sticking handles? Which one would you rather,

but I can only have one. I can't get both the falling seat and sticking in. What's the I think actually, like the falling seat is maybe worse, like the slow falling seat on like a relatively long ride, where you're like, it's going to hold it's going to friggin hold. It's going to hold and then like, and then you're like, you're going, you're going, you're going. And then like, all of a sudden, you're like, I'm, I'm that old man who has the adjusted seat with my knees in my chest. You know what I mean? Like, because I hate those dudes. Yeah. You know what I mean? Whenever I see someone and their knees, their legs never go almost straight as like, look around people. Like if you don't know how to adjust a bike seat, look like look it up on the internet's and then look around you and so many people have their seats too low. Guys back me up.

We're gonna say Look around you for examples. I was like, Nah, man, so many people are wrong.

Yeah, dude. Everyone do everyone. Not everyone. A lot of people have their seats too low and you're just giving up power. That's why I'm you know, it's probably we should we need to come up with a non offensive term for granny gear because I know some grandees that can kick most people's behind. But you see these people in in these in these gears, where they're, they're pedaling like a mile a minute and going one mile an hour and you could get the extra power and spend less of your own energy if you've just adjusted your bike seat, right. Stasi what's my other big gripe?

Um,

come on for the for the web.

fixie earphones in. Oh, I

hate that any any combination of not paying attention while you're on the streets of New York like gives me real bent the underinflated tires. I hate I hate seeing people with under inflated tires. I hate it. You know what I mean? I mean, look, it's on them. It's for them. But like, why are they wasting their energy? What do you guys think you guys with me on the underinflated tire thing.

120 psi. And it's the only way to roll.

Man although I used to go wherever it was not this is not biking. It's not biking issues. I wish we could get the bike snob on though. And just like is the bike snob still have a blog? Or is that is that over years ago?

What was the what was the

bikes? The bikes Nam was a like a mystery. A mystery New York City biker who just went on. I don't remember whether it was a blog or a Twitter account. And they would just post pictures and vitriol and hate just pictures vitriol and hate. The Stasi Do you remember the time that you you remember the time that you were biking home from the radio show? And like for those of you that don't know, like regardless of what Neil Diamond says Brooklyn roads are the worst or the worst to good Neil Diamond song but the actual Brooklyn roads are terrible. So we used to have to ride up Bushwick which was just one big concrete mogul after the next because the concrete trucks would drop their concrete and aggregate on the right where the bikes were supposed to drive. And then remember, we would turn on on on whatever that is grand and we will go up towards the bridge and there is that life ending pothole that you took and it flipped your bike you remember that?

Yeah, it sucked as it was right in the bike lane. In How do you even

get a pothole in a bike lane because potholes are supposed to be caused by big trucks with their tires? You know what I'm saying? Like how do you even get I even get a pothole in the bike lane.

there and as they painted the person just laugh that's gonna really ask her to screw somebody Yeah,

you think like they came out with a jackhammer in the in the middle of the night. But it speaker middle of the night in New York City over the past couple of nights and we'll get to cooking in a minute people over the past couple of nights in New York City. People have been setting off fireworks in all of these neighborhoods. Where are all these fireworks coming from now? I'm not against that. I love fireworks but like what is this all about?

Open up like they're they made the market less restrictive, basically. Wait, so

on some of your bartenders like inst gram stories that it's like the police that are creating bomb scares for people late at night.

Well, I mean, I've heard that. I've heard that however, like, I just like, I don't think anyone's. I mean, like, I don't know, maybe. I don't know. It doesn't sound frightening. They're doing it in my neighborhood. And it doesn't sound frightening to me. I'm like someone who's setting off fireworks. The very first one you hear you're like, is that a gunshot? But then no one has that many bullets. Nobody. Yeah, you know what I mean?

Well, and the last couple nights, I've had a perfect view of them from my apartment. It's like I live in an amusement.

Oh, man, I can't see them. They're setting them in my neighborhood. They're setting them off on a park that I don't have a direct view of, which is kind of depressing. But wait, so you're telling me I can buy real fireworks in New Jersey now mortars the whole nine yards?

Yeah. I mean, I don't know exactly what they do. But there were two states that were close by that have like loosened up the rules and that's basically the supply side reason for why the

other ones see the way that Anastasia and I've had to run our lives. It's like, are we going to New Hampshire or are we going to Pennsylvania those are the two choices. So you know, Jersey, you know, I grew up there. I'm gonna take back anything negative Ofsted if you've allowed mortars, like real fireworks. The weird thing is New Hampshire Live Free or Die state. You can have the full size or you know, as big as is federally allowed mortars. For those of you that are a mortar is mean, aside from military a fireworks mortar is a charge where they set off a launch charge. But as soon as it leaves the tube, it's no longer powered. It works like a bullet. It's ballistic right now. Those are legal in New Hampshire, but nothing that has power once it leaves the ground is legal in New Hampshire. So you can have this giant mortar that you could, you know, blow your entire face off with. Fine, but you can't have bottle rockets in New Hampshire. How dumb is that? Okay, yeah,

okay, I because I remember my brother talking about going to Tennessee, because like Tennessee was the closest state where there were basically just no rules.

For Pennsylvania. As far as I can tell, Pennsylvania is open for business and fibers. Hey, stars. Remember when we went to Wisconsin, and we landed? And we realized this is the problem when people when people like I understand that why we shouldn't have fireworks in New York City. I'm not come on. I'm semi reasonable here. But it's like, as soon as the Stasi I landed, we looked it up and it stops us like fireworks are leaving legally. We're going and so we went and we bought how many fireworks do we buy? Anastasia? She gone? Where she goes, No, I

hear so many.

Yeah. And then we set them off in the middle of Madison, Wisconsin, which was not a good idea really ticked off our hosts. We right in between where they like with the two lakes or whatever, the two lakes are named in Madison and and we set off this like big fire show. And everyone was like, What are you stupid? And we're like, yeah, pretty much. They're legal here. And then that was it. It was good news. All right. All right. So let's get to, by the way, anything, anything to report over the last week? Food wise?

You do?

I do. But no, I'm talking about me yet. I will talk about my stuff in a second. But you guys have anything? No. I didn't an All right. Well, you know, for those of you that listen, last week, last week was my 25th wedding anniversary. And so because I you know, we couldn't have a party and also, you know, Jen, my wife couldn't have a 50th birthday party. I was like, I want to make a nice meal. Although as Anastasia pointed out, making a nice meal is not the same thing as doing something right.

That is true because it's more for you to because what you need like some special brand new we're super excited about which was I believe Jen's game for her 25th anniversary.

So so me I've been baking a lot of bread which we're gonna get to in a minute. I'm trying to remember what bread I did make bread for that night but I can't remember which one of the lows I did that might have been?

You remember is the one that Jen specially requested from you. Please please.

She's like I'm dying for the Red Five Dave can you give me the Red Five? Can you give me the Red Five because you haven't yet baked with Red Five that you've milled so I'm so excited for it. That's what no she actually she asked for steak. So I went to I went to Japan premium beef now that shop there's one in Brooklyn now but there's one in you know in SoHo and they're open now you know social distancing rules and whatnot. But you can go in and get your get your your wagyu on so I got some a five mins yaki I got a filet Now listen, for those of you that hate on filet mignon right you're hating on it why why are you hating on it because it doesn't have a lot of fat and right it's relatively neutral but in this kind of neat dude. It's a big fat block and a five like a five filets is an amazing texture. And Jen nostos even though I'm not a fillet guy, Jen likes the filet. So I got a filet not a bad guy, right? Yep. Yeah, like Yeah, bad guy. And then I also got a piece of the sirloin cap. You know how they chop it into that kind of square, like that's that kind of rectangle like flat thing. And then some pre sliced short ribs that they intended for you to flat grill. I took the short route pieces. I cooked them at 54 Five Celsius for about 20 hours, chilled them refrigerated them, so that I could sear them fresh and have them be tender. I then did the sirloin cap at 54. Five for an hour dropped to 52 for an additional four and a half hours. I then did the filet at 52 for an hour dropped everything to 50 pulled out seared served, and I did to serve with it. Jen requested brussel sprouts because that's your favorite vegetable. I also got me some fiddleheads and did the Blanche Why does the Blanche water on fiddleheads turn so disgusting? Do you guys have any ideas? Remember Blanche fiddleheads? I don't know. Adam ever

Blanchfield heads I have it gets pretty gross. Yeah, but

how why is it so wrong? What do you mean? Well, first of all smells better.

looks crazy. Disgusting. Like like blanch water. Really? Yeah. Bland, gross. Like, like, like dark, like crazy. And I know that like look fiddleheads for those of you that don't have fiddleheads some people I guess call them closures but I've never met anyone who calls them closures are called fiddleheads. You know, and they're their baby firms, they come up in there. So if you've ever seen a firm come up, it comes up and it looks like the top of a violent fiddlehead. And if you get the wrong ones, they're mildly poisonous, right? And they don't raise them right out. And they're all wild. All wild African. Yeah. Oh, well. And so and they were big in the 70s went back out, came back out back out. They come in and out. They come in and out. And they're all semi because like firms like aren't really designed for humans to eat them. So they're all kind of semi not good for you until you blanch this stuff out of it. Would you say it's accurate at him? Absolutely. No. But so you blanch them. And also you have to buy him fresh. They get really crappy fast. You know how like, you know how bad the herbs starts turning crappy and black and slimy and nasty. fiddleheads do that real quick. So you don't want to have them sitting around. Would you agree with this? I agree. Yeah, it's because they have all of the pre leaves, which are leaves in there packed up, right? So if they don't unfurl, they tend to rot really quickly. Anyways. I don't know why but the blanching water turns this gusting and then you gotta like, you gotta blanch them. Are you a believer by the way, Adam in the in the ice water after the blanch. I'm a believer in it.

Big time. And I like to salt the ice water and the blanching water both salted

up fancy, big fancy. I like to blanching the ice water. That's the strength right there. But for those of you that don't know, I know Modernist Cuisine said something about how like cold water doesn't you know, listen on a small vegetable, right? But like you take it until you take it under the limit. Don't take it to the limit this time. Take it under the limit. Pull it real fast. You want to wrap it This isn't one of those things we're old school I think is right rapid boil very salty water. And then you shock it in the ice water to stop the cooling and that's the only way I know to have the color not turn gross. You know what I'm saying? Absolutely. Or to overcook it anyway then clicks on pay it out. And then it served them kind of cool. You know what I didn't buy that they sell it Japan premium beef. They sold there was I'm supposed to not spend that much money. And they were selling every US the Kampot pepper and if you guys ever used the Kampot Black Pepper number. Oh, it's apparently the world's fanciest like Cambodian pepper. And it was there and I passed and the minute I got out I was like I regret it. I regret not buying that pepper. How much was it? I don't know. It was a lot it was like $14 and I was already spending so much more than I was supposed to spend on the beef that I was like I mean you know what the thing when you're there and you know that you're gonna regret it and yet you don't do it anyway and you get out and now I've been looking on the internet for like the best deal on Kampot pepper but I know that if I bought it there I know I wouldn't it would have been fresh because they only carry really good stuff there. And then if I order on Amazon, like some idiots probably had an unaired Condition Warehouse for like a year and a half waiting to push Kampot pepper on somebody and so it's just some some garbage in a warehouse you know, I'm talking about as a minute, but when I was on the bike, I had the mask on I had the meat everything on my back. I wasn't gonna go back and be like, some Kampot pepper. You know what I mean?

$14 Dave, I mean, come I believe.

Oh, you're gonna sink you might as well drown.

I agree. Completely.

Yeah, I guess Hi, I'm gonna use that phrase, if you don't mind if you're gonna say, and then I did some baking so I made for the first time because Booker has been making cake. So Booker that happened in the last week right Anastasia Booker brought you your cake or was that two weeks ago?

No, that was last week. Yeah, she

says something happened. Look Nastasia asked for her patriotic red white and blue sprinkle cake. And in Booker brought about What'd he do?

He smashed

first of all, do we did we talk we talked about the sugar explosion last week, right? Yeah, yeah, so maybe you already had the cake. So the sugar explosion happened? He had not enough icing but he did a decent job anyway and then he does. The cake was taller than the carrier so you just like and smash the carrier into the cake. I was like, You know what the hell with it to hell with it. We

got here we sit in the back of the car, just flings flings the cake into the back seat like it does like you know a 360 in the air and then lands on the on the other seat.

Yeah, yeah, yeah. Anyways, so I haven't been baking sweets because Booker's been, you know, interested in making cakes but for though

but I must say Dave, I had people over on Saturday, and they thought it was a milkbar cake. Oh, yeah. Did

you? Did you do the Angela? Gobots Goldenrod pastry technique and slice and then freeze it?

No, I should. Yeah. Come on. Yeah. Yeah.

Because Because cake the problem with like, even you know, how you can eat a whole cake. It's just a lot. Yeah. You know, I mean, like, a lot. So, and there's nothing worse than eating that cake. Like, right. Like, there's that line where it's starting to go a little bit hard. You know, I'm saying, God, it's not. It's not hard yet, but it's like write me Don't Don't you hate that?

I do. I want it to be. Yeah. Yeah. So um,

yeah. So anyway, so I took Frederick wheat, which was my is my favorite standard, soft wheat. How would you Adam, what do you think of the Frederick?

It's great, great flavor, like you said, soft wheat, which is really good for cakes and pastries. Yeah, so

that's my standard biscuit. That's my standard. That's my standard. I've made the pie crust with it. And it's, it's also my liege waffle. I know. Brioche is supposed to have a harder flap a flower. But I use it for my leash brioche because I don't need a lot of rise out of out of a waffle. You don't I'm saying? I mean, like, what do you use for brioche? What do you like to use for brioche?

I've been doing a combination of a couple things. I've been using durum wheat to make it a little bit extra golden. So like 20% durum, and then I'll do something with a good amount of protein to give it some strength. So either like a Red Five, four Redeemers, something like that.

So you're going for a harder you're going more traditional, like a harder thing, but you're trying to make actual brioche that rises up, I guess. Right? Yeah.

And I'll push the butter up to 85%. So I kind of need some of that protein in there.

Oh, speaking of protein, I'll get back to the pie in a minute. But what we'll talk should we talk wheat later, I finally got some Sonoran white, which I know is one of your favorite. You want to talk about that later. And then later in the program,

you drive wherever, wherever you want to talk about.

Well, so. Alright, let's do the pie. First. I had Frederick wheat, and I made the first recipe you need to go to pi marshes on Find that thing online. I'm so glad I got a copy of that book. Monroe Boston Strauss wrote this thing before World War Two and didn't one reprint afterwards. And this is this pie book, which was brought to the attention of the modern world by Shirley Carter, who were going to have do it the classic in the field at some point. You read her read her stuff out and be like her work.

Yeah, she did a talk once it Fontaine is in Philadelphia, and she's incredible.

Yeah, right. And she's still going. She's still writing a book, I think right now. That's so cool. Yeah, yeah, for real. And anyway, so he came up with a bunch of awesome techniques and recipes, some of which you've heard of the chiffon pie. But then other ones that literally is his invent. He invented the chiffon pie, believe it or not, but he had this recipe for dried apricot pie, and a graham cracker crust. And there are three things in this that are genius. First of all, he takes a standard pie crust and his pie crust recipe is on point, right? Very onpoint awesome. He does a full blending so none of these like coarse, pebbly crap. He's talking fully blending the freakin fat into the flour fully blended. And he's like, because he tells you how to make like what he calls a long a long flake which is kind of what you would think of as an American flaky pie crust he's like, but the average person actually really just wants it to break under the fork nicely and not be really tough. And so he's like, just fully incorporate The fat which I thought was an interesting was an interesting point when you think about that. Yeah kind

of like are you talking about like forsage style like really push it on to the like stone or anything and like really, really pushing the butter hards the flour

pushing hard so it's like almost this quickly looking like a car. Yeah, and so I was like dang. Alright, so So he's like in a way like pretty modern in the 30s when he's when he's riding. So then you add you know, you add it the the water you get it all you get it all done. And he has a lot of interesting things to say about hydration and pie those anyway and about what we've he calls out, he doesn't call out flowers, he calls out soft wheat flour, which is I thought cool. You call that soft white, white wheat flour. And so then he this is a genius thing. So he takes the pie crust. Then he smashes up makes graham crackers and then he does his his board in graham crackers, and rolls it out in graham crackers. And you can either do graham cracker on one side or graham cracker on on both. So you have real pie crust with graham crackers rolled in How sick is that?

That's pretty sick,

right and then get this. He takes the pie pan and he turns it upside down and he blind bakes it upside down on the on the pie pan which by the way, makes forming the edge freaking trivial because you can just cut around the pie pan right to get rid of the to get rid of the extra and then it doesn't puff up or anything it just makes perfectly upside down on the pie pan. And then after you cool it a little bit you invert it into another pie pan it because it shrinks as it cools. It fits in the other pie pan when you flip it and you have a perfect blind big thing without any freaking weights without any docking without poke holes really freakin genius, right? And so then here's the here's the filling. He does, it does it dried apricot pie. So he takes dried apricots, I used California plenums because they're my favorite. Soak them in water hot water overnight. soak it overnight, blend it he passes it through a Tammy which of course I don't need to do because I have a Vita prep he didn't have a Vita prep right so I blend the heck out of it. Then you combine that with sugar you hold some back and you get your you make a cornstarch slurry with some of the apricot paste and then you heat the rest of it up almost to the boil with some sugar with egg whites, some sugar to stabilize it. Then you dumped the cornstarch. Bring it up to the boil wait till the cornstarch clears out. Fold it into the egg white mixture then into the pie into the pie crust and that's his apricot whip and it is completely stable and delicious. And it freezes really well that like that kind of like heat set Marang with cornstarch, that texture that was frozen is sick. So I'm gonna go ahead and say that our boy Monroe Boston Strauss. Definitely worth reading someone should read that sucker. Amazing. Yeah, it's good stuff right? Am I gonna need some help from you here because the name of the one that I used to use is out of my head ready? Angelina Baltazar wrote in by Instagram a couple of weeks ago. I need some help with questions on blast chillers. Do you have any experience with them? Yes. Any ideas? Which manufacturers are best and the name of it just went out of my head the one that everyone uses the overpriced European brand. What is it? You remember? Oh

god no,

my talking about? Yeah, I can see the image of their logo. I've used them. I've worked with them and Stassi Do you remember?

Yeah, I can look through our email because I feel like we had someone request one. You know what I mean?

Yeah, I mean, it's the one that rat rationale partners with them. They're way overpriced, but they're so awesome. And I've also lived your life is it? No, I've used Electrolux and so Electrolux so one of the things when you're getting a blast chiller is you got to ask yourself what you're going to do with it most often. So a lot of people invest in the in the Combi. Do you know John, which one I'm talking about? No, I've never used a blast that the combination combi oven blast chiller, and so what Electrolux used to claim was that they sized their Blast chillers to fit their combi ovens because the important thing in a blast chiller is the load size that fits into it. So you want your kind of oven and your blast chiller to match because it costs a lot of money. Blast freezers cost a lot of money. And if you have one that's too big, that's going to take a lot of energy and it's going to take up a lot of space. But if you have a too small, then you can't show your stuff down in time then kind of what's the point? But if your question is, do I do I want a blast chiller answer is oh yeah, blast chillers are freaking amazing, right? Because they've chilled things down. I mean, you would not believe how much faster they shut things down then regular things so we used to use them to speed set or like if you have pacojet containers we used to speed set our Paco containers in them. We would speed cool stuff down we paraphrase stuff before grinding in our Blast chillers because the cool thing about Blast chillers is they don't have to freeze. They can do a super fast, hard chill as well. And they can they can also freeze a lot of times based on probe so they can drop stuff down just where you want it. And they can handle immense amounts of vapor. So like if you if you want to get french fries down really quickly, boom, you can put them in, or for instance bread. Adam, true or false, the faster you freeze bread, the less stale it's going to be when you thought out. Very true. Yeah, so you blast freezing on bread that you're gonna freeze. Or if you I mean you if you're one of these people who does par bake situations like blast freezing is going to be a lot better on par frozen stuff, but I can't remember the name of it. They're all relatively overpriced, but they're all amazing once you have them. When when era knocks that's the name of it just came to me.

When you say I just said that. I didn't hear

you. I couldn't hear you because the way zoom works, anyway. Well, then you beat me to it. Yeah, aeronautics makes good products are just really expensive. You know, I think they're all really expensive though. Adam, do you ever do you ever any of the restaurants have one he really liked?

I think we had the Electrolux when I was working in Italy because they're made in Italy those were probably like 12,000 Euro pretty yeah, pretty pricey, but we use it like cooking and reverse everything was timed as if you were baking it it was kind of crazy because we would do macaroons in the blast chiller just to keep the vapor up you know get the water off. So

yeah, no, I love it but just who's got the money? You know what I mean? And the power they take a lot of power for God I love you know what the one thing I remember we used to use the Electrolux and this was I don't know 10 years ago, the Stasi used to go down and use it with me Do you remember us sitting there like pushing the button and the problem with it was it like if you're impatient like I am like you push two buttons but you have to wait for it to go through its cycle because it to protect its compressor like it had that program and so we would sit there and go remember this? Yes. You sit there like like depending on what mood you're in in either laughing at me or shaking your head in disgust depending? Yes, yeah, good good. Good times. Good times. But anyway, I love it. All right. Fabrizio wrote in via Instagram as well. I hope everything's okay wondering if you found a source of common camo in the United States unfortunately in the UK, it is all powder capsules Thanks in advance for your help. No, no, Fabrizio did not come in Conway is a delicious unfortunately, what they call a super fruit from South America because it's a super fruit. People do all kinds of terrible things to it other than preserve its awesome flavor quality, so I've only ever had crappy stuff here in the States gotta go. I mean, I could be you know, I'm happy to be proven false, but I've not found a good supply. Josh wrote Anastasia, I'm sure you are. Do you already read it? Or do you just pump it without reading it? So that would be fresh in your mind?

This is a DM so

So you read it. Alright. So but you gave it to me to read so it's a DM but it's not really private.

Right. It's a DM Yeah, yeah.

When are DMS private and when are they non private?

I don't think that's the thing. It's not. No

it's a DMS and whatever. Okay. This is a from from Josh. Jess. My wife made us go vegan for a bit made you Josh made you. You just went vegan because she wanted to go Venus. You force you right size? Or maybe she did? I don't know. What do you think about that? What do you think about the wording? Like yeah,

I mean it on the wife. derogatory now.

Yeah, right now. Just my wife made us go vegan for a bit and Indian cooking saved my sanity. Josh. What do you think about that and stuff?

Yeah, I told him that's a good idea. I hadn't thought about I hadn't thought about that cuisine.

Well, are you are you reassessing your views on Indian cuisine in general that spice mix because you're not a fan of in general American and like American Indian food in America? This the spice mixes that you normally get? You're not a big fan of Right.

Right? Yeah, I don't like curry. But I would like to look at the recipes and maybe not add the spices, you know?

Well, I mean, to me, like that's just you like that my mind just went like, like, like, like literally the last sentence you just said and I understand what you're saying. But it was just like my head just went a little bit. Yeah. What do you guys think?

I actually don't under what, what was that suggestion? Because like I hear I would like to make the Indian food but without the spices. And what I heard was I don't want to make the Indian food I

want to say that that's exactly what I was thinking. This Yes. Oh, man. All right. All right, man. I'll just let that leave that let that go. Hello like everyone was in a while like Mac goes hard in the paint. Anyway

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Serena writes in Khalifa farms barista blend is the best oat milk in her opinion. It foams really really nicely if you try this one to start here. Yes. What do you think of it compared to the old D?

No, I don't think it's I don't think it's close to Italy but it's fine with phones,

phones. What what's the difference in flavor? Having not tried that? I don't mean I think Khalifa

is a bit chalky. I think oatmeal can be very chalky. And there's different chalkiness levels. Well, they add

calcium carbonate to it, don't they? Which is in fact chalk. I mean look at the I'll look at their at their ingredient list here. So one advantage of doing this stuff from your home is that my computer exists. I see oatmilk

where I had also existed Brooklyn Yeah,

but there's no internet there. You know that. You know, we don't have internet in the in the studio. Oh oatmilk sunflower oil dye potassium phosphate, calcium carbonate, and try calcium phosphate. I wonder why they add the carbonate. It's going to adjust the pH a little bit but it also probably makes it a little whiter. So there is in fact chalk in it.

Yeah, well, there you go. So yeah.

Back to Serena. I still prefer dairy milk and coffee. But that blend is a good tasty alternative. I find it to be too thin tastes What do you think about that?

Yeah, I don't agree. But like, what, whatever she takes you taste.

Also Dave has gotten meaner in quarantine. At least on the radio, but got your back girl Serena. Nice. Well, we have one we have one. Well, we have one more Matt. Michelle writes in the Stasi, I've listened to show for years killed Dave to stop picking on you. I'm a fan of the banter. But he's not being nice lately. Michelle. Now listen, listen. As Nietzsche famously said, You cannot look around your own corner. So I don't know you guys discuss. Maybe Maybe it's because I'm not witnessed assay in person anymore. So like, all of our frustrations get worked out, like, you know, on the radio? No, no.

No, I think that people enjoy the ribbing. I just think Well, based off this coming from two women, I feel like you can often mansplain things to me like how I should feel about X, Y or Z or how I should think about, you know, what I'm doing or air conditioning or oatmeal, whatever. And that's probably the rub. Not the like, we can be really mean to each other. But it's it's the white mansplaining that I imagine. Women aren't crazy about? Call me on.

You've I don't know. This isn't

call me on in real time. So we can have a discussion then we'll do it. Okay. I mean, like, I don't know what do you like it? Yeah. Because I don't sense any more or less. I mean, so maybe, yeah, maybe no, it's fascinating.

I think it's when I and I know that women hate being called or hearing another woman be called crazy by a man and so when you're like you're crazy like this. It's like, immediately derogatory write you off. Yeah.

Sounds like a dog whistle word you're saying. Like the word crazy is just like, instant.

It's just not great. It's like, yeah, it's not great.

So what word can I use to describe what you know? I'm talking about In terms of like, the way that you and I both are

I well, I don't. I think when you call me crazy, it's specific to I don't know, I don't know, Dave. It's just not a good word.

Well helped me figure out a new word this like we, I don't want to get into it because the family show but we've switched years and years ago, I told you that there's certain, you know, if you're going to insult someone, I have preferred insults, right? We went through this many years ago. We can't get them on the air because they're all I mean, I'm switching one bad word for another put it that way. You know what I mean? But yeah. Like, I don't, I don't like whatever. I don't want to get into it. I don't want to get into it.

Switch this video? No,

I mean, yes. I'm obviously not gonna switch the B word for the a word. Oh, like you used to use that more. And I was like, please just call them an aihole. You know what I mean? Yeah, I think we should do gender or insults as much as possible. Although there are certain words that it's hard for me to let go of because the alliteration is so good that, that the C sucker word is an amazing, alliterative English word. You know what I'm saying? And so, and I know you love that word to Anastasia. And so if

I'm a cop, a cop cut me off on my bike, and I said that word. And then I thought if he pulled me over, I would say, I called him a cop soccer. Ah.

With that, okay, yeah.

He's like, and that's better, who's

like, I've it's just a little more confusing, but I still feel it's offensive.

It's not, but he wouldn't like you. It's not a word in the lexicon that he can be that I can be pulled over for that I can, like, you know,

I'm pretty sure that like, if they want to F with you, they're going to F with you, no matter what. You could probably say hello. And if they want to F with you, they will, you know, say

yes. You want a question in the chat has nothing to do with bad words.

Alright, does have to do with baking, I hope I hope I hope.

No.

Does Adam one AES is something that Adam wants to answer.

This feels like a very you question.

Is it fast? Yeah.

How much convection Do you naturally get from heated water without a circulator, ie a crock pot with a PID attachment?

It depends on the temperature, I wouldn't trust it for good. The problem is, is that you're going to get movement of the of the temperature, but it's going to stratify, especially once you add foods, you create dead zones. And so those dead zones are never going to really even out in temperature. So there's always going to be temperature stratification, even with the convection that you get in water. So like measuring an empty pot of water is not a valid way to tell whether something is going to cook evenly or not. You know, filling something with foods is valid. And so I would always say circulate those suckers or stir them. It doesn't take a whole boat ton, but it's definitely helpful. Now, if you're boiling something Hell yeah, boiling is, you know, convection on steroids. So that's going to go so that's my that's my take on it. Good. Is that good enough? Yeah. All right. Let's get some user questions for user listener questions for Adam. And then I'll go off on all my weak questions at the end, although I will ask you this right away. So red fife is the darling of red spring. Spring, right spring, Adam? Yes. Yeah. So there's spring wheat, and there's winter wheat. Right. And they like what they you tell me why everyone says the Cadillac of bread yeast is to is the red spring? Why, why spring and not and not the winter? Why is that the Cadillac?

I don't know. I never really heard that before. I think as far as like the East Coast is concerned that grain has just done well. There's certainly a lot of other options that can do even better, but I guess it's really flavor. It's got a lot of good, immediate, like, you can grasp the flavor, it tastes for lack of a better term weedy. It just tastes like what you imagined grain to taste like. And, you know, I think that's a good start for people. I will say that the grain itself does you have to as from a farmer's perspective, you have to replant and get new seeds every two generations or every two seasons. Otherwise it starts to break down and no longer be useful for like breadmaking applications. You have to keep getting new seed in a couple of years. So that's weird. Yeah.

So my my feeling was that we're in essentially I baked a loaf with it the same as I've been baking the Redeemer and the Warthog, you know, for red wheat stuff, right? And I was like, This tastes really good, but I'm not shooting myself in the foot to go get this wheat as opposed to the Warthog or the Redeemer. I'm not like, oh my god, if I if I don't have read five again, I will never feel the same again. I thought it was good. Yeah, I think, you know, are you with me on this or No, I

am. That's what I was trying to kind of hint at. It really just kind of tastes like weedy, very one dimensional. Kind of like, you know, if you were to compare it to just something storebought certainly an improvement, but it's not. Not thrilling.

Do you think this is another case where because it's an East Coast wheat and grown by East Coast farmers that the East Coast food intelligencia has pumped it up beyond what it necessarily maybe should be?

Yeah, I think there's like, different Italian herbs are different time different different food mafias, for each part of the country, and I think the East Coast grain mafia is super into it.

What do you think about the Rhode Island food mafia? You like that?

I do. I love Rhode Island. Fried, calm?

And what about the Alsatian food mafia? That's like all the old school Alsatian chefs like John George and Andre Soldner? And I love I love many food, by the way,

yeah, I think they should have like a whole family get together. Like, you know, the five families the food mafia.

Yeah, no, right. That'd be amazing. Like, like, what was that? What was that? That gathering of the different mafias that got raided by the Feds in like the 50s or 60s? It's in every every movie? No, I'm talking about

Oh, yeah. Like the analyze this or whatever. Like, yeah, movie.

Yeah, me. Amazing. Amazing. All right. So we'll talk more about different weeks in a minute, let's get some questions Mary Swanson wrote in, I've been developing a sourdough starter, but how can I dial up the sour, the starter smells great, but the bread could be more sour.

Well, that's very easy, because just negligence will help there. I always try to go for the opposite. Not to criticize your desire for more sour, but I like the the grain that come up more prominently. So I am always constantly feeding my starter and giving it new new additions so that way, the pH goes up or goes down rather. And the way to make it more sour is to starve it to let everything that's said to go past its prime spot of fermentation. So when your flour and water mixture in your van has hit its peak, use it after its peak, is one way when it starts to fall down when it starts to fall down at it then into your into your dough. And then also higher temperature fermentation. So if you ferment, say, above 77 degrees Fahrenheit, you start getting into like 90 degrees will get really sour. So higher temperature, we'll do that we're returning in the fridge has that dial up or dial down, sour, dour down, dial down the sour. So all out out of the fridge fermentation, she wanted to be more sour, and then also you can do a longer time, you could have to do less of your Lavonne and let it go longer. So instead of say adding 20% levant your dough, do 5% And then instead of letting it ferment for six hours in total, let it go for like nine or 10 then it will get really sour.

I've noticed that when I pull my starter out, if I do just one feed, you know like, like I keep I keep my starter in 150. So 5050 5050 a starter 50 Water 50 flower, right? So if I do one feed, and then wait for it, that to go up then if I don't that, as you said it's super sour because it hasn't fully beefed up yet. It's still kind of spent, it hasn't fully like the yeast hadn't fully come back yet. But at that point right there if I don't want it to be too sour, I actually dope it with a little bit of SAF red commercial yeast there and then I can do that bake and then I can feed it once more. And then the next you know the next day make a full sourdough loaf that has no commercial use. Do you think that's a terrible idea?

I don't think that's a good idea. That's kind of how a lot of bread making changes in Italy over the last couple of centuries is really making basically you're making like bleach when you're using a little bit of the the storebought yeast, but it still has that same effect. You still have like a nice flavor but that's a good way to do you want to talk about

like how people maybe if once it's there's a line so they think people think of that as they think about acid in bread or in general as being kind of a, a one, like one direction only, whereas like a small amount of acid is actually beneficial from a dose structure standpoint, but then a little bit more acid and it suddenly goes slack and you lose all structure like, you think people don't really think about, you know how, like when something's too sour, and you pick it up, it's like, it has that weird feeling.

You know, I'm talking about oh, yeah, definitely.

So like, is there any way to like, are at once it's at that point, once it's gone so sour, and she's lost all the structure in her love? Are you are you one of these people that will like put it out thin and dust a little bit of baking soda on it, roll it back up and pray or you just like you're just deal with the hand you've been dealt?

I, I at this point, I try to do everything to avoid that situation. But are you talking about it? After it's baked? Like what what the bread looks like after it's baked? Go into that process? Or?

No, like you like, let's say you throw it in the fridge and you return it or you leave it because you think you have a 20 You think you have like an 18 or 20 authorize you come back and you smell it? It's obviously smell sour, it tastes sour. And when you poke it, it has that slack feel of the acid killing the gluten. And you know, it's gonna be a brick. Yeah. And I mean, you know, it's gonna be a brick, like, do you just like, like, make three loaves out of that with a little commercial yeast? Or do you try to like, fix it somehow.

Usually, there's no way to fix it. So I'll take a piece of it and use it as a Bega and then make another bread. So say you've got one kilo dough, that's just a little long in the tooth. And you know, it's not going to make a great loaf. You can use that as your yeast culture for a bigger batch. And then maybe you didn't intend to have three loaves, but you can freeze those, and then it just kind of extends what you've got. So I'll take like that something, say it's fermented. And you know, it's going to come out that great, and then use it to make maybe three or four loaves, and then freeze them.

Right. So like, you know how like an old school like in the 80s, or whatever, like some San Francisco, people were going real sour, they wanted that hyper sour flavor, they would literally put some some soda in with their stuff in a raisin bread. So you hate that?

I don't know. For me, I think of it, like coffee, and the first and second and third ways that coffee. And since like the 90s or 80s. And how when you go to Italy or France or anywhere in Europe as head of longer coffee or espresso culture rather, you know, the sourness starts to go down in your flavor, like enjoyment. Like, I think that coffee tastes so good when it's like chocolaty, or hazel Nadi, instead of just sour. And I think the American palates is still very new in some of these things as far as not as existence in the US, but as far as it being prevalent and being in every household. So sour coffees, our bread, you know, kind of amped up umami balms, the all that stuff, I think would just continue to even itself out over time.

Matt Smith writes in I live in Brazil, with a very limited flour selection, maybe two brands, no bread flour, probably 10% protein Max thought on adding a couple percent vital wheat gluten to improve texture. And then we had someone already right in Robert saying in Rio, Robert lacks said he can find higher higher gluten bread pizza flowers imported from Italy in cosas Pedro and then someone else wrote in and said they have the same flower sourcing problem in Portugal. And they use vital wheat gluten, I'm a fan of what quite a week What do you think? And then they said, Is there a limit on the percentage of gluten you should add? That was from as I please? Well,

the reality is that you can make bread with something at 8% protein eight or nine, you know, you just are going to sacrifice or not sacrifice, you're gonna have to have a different perception on what you want the bread to look like. So you may not have this massive whole structure, you'll have a tighter crumb. But if you're in Brazil, and you can find something that may have a lower protein content, but actually is has some flavor I would prefer to have the lower protein tighter crumb with a lot of flavor. The wheat gluten isn't you know it's not harmful but it does you know, there's no reason to increase the gluten other than really aesthetics. If you want the bread to be like lighter looking. In which texture I

mean people want that texture.

Yeah, I would say then then add it go for it or or get something imported. The Portugal thing is interesting because Italy is right there. Also there's so many other places in Europe to grow higher protein wheats if that's what they're looking for.

Speaking of Portugal, what do you think of that cooked cornmeal? brella style breads.

I think that's so cool.

I love I think they're great. Yeah, I haven't ate for like, for like five years, I thought bro is going to become the next big thing. And then disappeared. I haven't seen yours. You.

I haven't seen it either. You just reminded me of it and how much I like it. Yes. Delicious.

Yeah. Anyway, alright, so. So on gluten for a minute. You know, I'm not above cheating. Right? I'd like you're more of a purist, right. I mean, you are interested in getting the itness out of the grain. Not just flavor, but texture and the whole the whole Migaila right. I mean, that's the like, so for me like using gluten and like I did 100% Rye loaf the other day, really finely ground dry, really, you know, put it through my 60 mash, and I topped it with gluten. It was delicious. You know what I mean? Yeah, of course. I know full sourdough starter, gluten delicious.

I'm for everybody doing their own thing. I think just for my own personal philosophy. It's not even necessarily about being a purist, but about how exciting in the new world if you want to call the Western Hemisphere, we still don't have extremely defined like food heritage, because we've, you know, grew up in the industrial revolution. And if you want, you know, anything that you want, you can have. But if we were to limit ourselves a little bit, and not deprive ourselves of deprivation, we could try and get get some regional foods. So I would love if New York was known for like rice and soft wheat. And when you go to the east coast or the northeast, you're like, Oh, the breads, like, kind of like a more dense things. It's they put more dense things on it. And if you were out in the west, and they were like, big, airy breads and lighter with you know, lighter ingredients, it would be cool if things took shape that way just by kind of going with what agriculturally makes sense. And that's why I'm, I guess a purist in that sense that if you if you start working with what is available around you just kind of works with the whole food system better. You're gonna hate this and

I just literally read for the radio, I did an iron corn, an iron corn loaf, and I know that you I know you love encore. But I jacked that sucker with gluten touques. Like, it's been when you have a denser bread counter intuitively takes longer to bake. Well, maybe not current to the I don't know what your intuition is people but it's like, takes a lot longer to bake something that's denser than something that's bigger. So it's not that you'd think maybe that because the volume is bigger, it takes longer to get the that heat into the center to bake it. But the exact opposite is true. We like isn't that do you think it's a little counterintuitive?

Well, I guess the water conductivity, right? Isn't that the way that the heat?

The Modernist Cuisine, people make an interesting point. The modern spread that I've never really thought about is that and this to me that in the whole book, this was the most kind of interesting revelation is it's all one big hole. That's an open cell phone. And so yeah, the steam can like kind of rock it around on the inside and cook relatively quickly, which is I think kind of a cool, cool thing. Oh, as I please said, Is there a max? I wouldn't go over 10% on on the vital wheat gluten. That's on something that has zero of its own gluten, I would not go above 10. Would you agree if you're going to do it, you staple a well, well, you'd stay well below 10. Right, Adam but you wouldn't ever go above 10? Yeah, I don't think this. Yeah, all right. Frank Moscow writes in sourdough final shaping tips would be helpful. How do I achieve maximum rise and a good looking loaf?

Well, it's not going to be related to the final shape. That's the most important thing. It's like the SCAF EA saying like good sauces come from good stocks. It's the same with beginning with your starter, and then all the little steps along the way. final shaping certainly will have an effect on your final volume. But I would say if you had to put it in percentage wise it would contribute maybe 15% instead of the 85 along the way, which is all the other processes of fermentation before you get into final shape. So do you

need to find the final shape? Don't you think though it helps it stand up? Taller not be a bigger volume overall, but helps it stand taller by like stretching the theoretical gluten sheets around or no you don't? Well, if

that that would be correct, as long as every other step beforehand. Got you to that point. Because if you were to say overwork the dough in the beginning and overwork is gonna be relative as well. But say, it was a dough that needed eight minutes of kneading. And you needed it for 10. Because it's developed more strength. And as you're fermenting, it's developing more strength through fermentation, and all the handling for preshaped. And maybe folds in between, you've put so much strength into the dough that it can't expand. So it's a it's a balance between extendibility and elasticity, in which are two different things. And so, to achieve the extensibility, and how you have to have elasticity, so that's going to be a flour choice, and also hydration choice and a technique choice. And then over the course of fermentation, you can create a scenario where the final shape would give you a bigger volume, but if any of those things or any of the decisions along the way are, you know, they inhibit just general volume, then final shape won't contribute to it. So really the answer I guess, for someone like Cameron, I think he's getting that is, with all things considered that fermentation is excellent along the way. final shape, to get your maximum volume, you're going to need make sure that the temperature is higher than what your bulk fermentations were. So after you've shaped, you can shape so many different ways even just look on YouTube. But just in addition to what you've chosen for a shape. Make sure your temperature is about 10 or 15% warmer than what your bulk fermentation was. And then you'll really get some volume.

Cool. Josh writes in and says sifting has Adam experimented with the differences between only sifting with a core screen like 24 That's real course versus sifting with a 60 and adding back an equal extraction percentage curious if sifting only out the larger brand helps with bread structure while keeping some of the flavorful bits.

That's great. Yeah, tons tons of experience with sifting. And I'm all about sifting because you can add it back in and any portion you want, you can add it back in and clever ways other than just putting it straight into the dough. For example, I think sifting very fine like on a 70 and getting a really nice powdery flower and then making bread maybe in a way that someone could possibly be more used to. And then using the brand to line the basket and have it go all on the outside of the bread is really cool look, you know, it gives it a darker color because the brand carmelize the different temperature. Also, I've taken the brand and use it in the Levant, which gives it a jumpstart just natural yeast, it's living on the outside of the grain. So shiftings great, going super fine, you can you can pull up bigger flakes, more coarse, really, the finer you go, the easier the dough will be to work with. And then you can think of interesting ways to put brand back in if your goal is to get 100% inclusion or you can use the brand for something else altogether. But it's a good thing I've been

doing almost exclusively 60 How much more of standard kind of bread internal structure am I going to get out of a 70 versus a 60 mesh,

not a whole lot more. you'd notice that if you were trying to say make like pizza or if you're gonna make puff pastry or something like that, then the difference between 60 and 70 is pretty significant. Just because you'll you'll really see its ability to stretch really thin which was bread you're not really going that

and by the way people 60 Is the number of lines per inch 70,000 lines per inch which is different from the actual hole size meshes is a whole nother subject which we don't unfortunately have time to get into but they're they're really dumb the way they're SPECT is dumb Would you say it's dumb madam some dog Capri Sun writes and starts damage is it even worth worrying about as a home Miller and why did you not mention micronizer mills in your book? Then then this is a more technical question but do try to do quick does Faribault heat up flour a bunch is damaged starch actually beneficial for some Italian uses? How coarse of the rustic Old World style grinds mentioned in your book Thanks.

Where you have to repeat a little bit of that.

Alright how coarser the rustic Old World style grinds

On your free course. definitely much more than how fine you can get with a home mill. Because you're talking about massive stones usually moves by animals by like donkeys and stuff like that horses. So certainly more course, there's a lot more room between the stones for grain to slip by.

Why not mentioned a micronizer

wasn't necessary. Oh, when

did you actually mention them? You're like, these are the mills by a stone when you're like these are the mills. But by a stone, that's what you said basically,

right? Well, it was basically based on my hope to get people to mill. So the access to stone Mills was easiest. Also, they produce the results of what I had worked with. So I figured if you were working with stone milling, if I was working with stone milling, we could maybe be speaking the same language. So to give the user the best possible chance to have success with the recipes that are working.

By the way, when someone says they want to get on the same page with you and assassinated to say, but we're not even reading the same freaking book My wife says. So And lastly on that one starts damage worth worrying about as a homebuilder or not not. Okay. Paul Lee writes in, is it better you're going to is it better to age your flower for a month or two after it's been milled years ago, I was taught and you're going to this, I want you to go to ape like in short, but ape short, but eight years ago, I was taught that using green flower could give unpredictable inconsistent results such as faster fermentation rate, or Bucky doe, because the higher ends of enzyme activity, go to town.

All right. So I grew up in a world of baking primarily, that was, I feel like the standard of everyone else, in the last 100 years, you buy a bag of flour or follow a recipe. And you're always told that there's going to be like differences, you know, and there's this baker miss and lower that every day is a little different, and it's more humid out or it's colder today. And with the advancement of the products that I've grew up working with, I never saw the changes. And I really had to start to research, what were these people talking about, it's like fresh compact yeast, 24 grams for a two kilo low for whatever, is always the same. And whenever I got a flour that was a bread flour, it was always the same. And when I realized that people were talking about was fresh flour, and then that's where the baker as a profession certainly had a lot more unpredictability to it, and then that that's where a lot of the skill level came in, where you weren't just dealing with an inert, predictable ingredient. So by not aging it, by having it fresh, you certainly have something that will be different every single time. And then that's really speaking to the skill level. Not on whether you should or shouldn't do it, you should do it because it has more flavor, you should do it because it has more activity and it's more alive. You shouldn't do it if you're trying to have the exact same result and not delve into training and delve into the craft. So it's really a craft question versus standardized question. So if you want to standardize something using flour that's fresh milled, if you're going to fresh millet and then aged, you might as well just buy a product already and eliminate the milling. Because you've lost the benefit of it, you've lost the flavor and everything so you know eliminate that part of your process and make it easier. So if you're gonna go through the trouble of milling, then you might as well get the benefits of it which are flavor that activity, but then pay attention to the craft differently.

I'm also going to say for the kind of people that I think are the kind of people that listen to this show. Look it I like bread made with commercial flour because I think it tastes good. However, it does not taste the same as this stuff. And if you haven't had like stuff made from fresh flour, you are going to love it. Does that mean that you won't still love bread made with commercial flour? No, but I will never use commercial whole wheat flour again, like not ever. You know what I mean? Like I never will. And and I think it's 100% like learning about how the grains work and like learning about like how milling works and the actual parts of it and the flavors and stuff you can get is 100% worth any cook. Delving into not that you're gonna do For the rest of your life, but I mean, I think it's 100% valuable. No,

I do. I agree.

Kevin writes in, we're almost done. We're almost done. We're gonna get all these guiding questions. Kevin, what's the deal with sprouted grains? Are they healthier? Do they taste better different,

they're really cool. There are different health effects. not significant enough where you can sprout every grain, you can over sprout, you can under sprout. That's how malt is made, you sprout the grain and then toast it. And then you can extract it. So you can get sugar from it, you can make beer from it. So many cool things about malting. It's just like another layer and another effects to a desired target. So when you're designing something, you make targets and this is a way to achieve certain goals. So it's up to you and what you like to eat. But do they?

Is there too much amylase activity in that stuff? Do you have to kill it before you make the dough or fine?

Yeah, no, you do. And you have to leave enough. Basically, available energy in the grain. That's not going towards plant production. So that way, you can use it to make bread. If everything goes to plant production, then you're gonna have a plan, and no flour.

So hey, man, we're almost we're almost done. That joke was right saying I would like him to talk about feeding ratios. For starters, this is an important one, what effect is heating twice the volume of starter versus other ratios, the whole process is new to me. So I'm really quickly can you hit both hydration level and percentage have started to add when you're making the stuff?

Yes, the higher the hydration of your starter, the faster and easier that yeast can move on its highway. Well, East travels through water, and in your land and your starter. So the higher the hydration, the more open the lanes are for the drier it is, the slower things will happen. So it comes down to schedule. And also flavor is affected on how quickly yeast is fed and is eating and digesting itself. So it comes down to flavor, timing, and then what you're trying to make. So with something that's lower hydration and your starter, you're now adding less water into your dough. So if you want to make say peritonei that starter is usually 50% hydration, because you're not looking at a lot of water, because it's gonna be a big addition of fat. And then the emulsion starts to get tricky. So you need maybe a little less water. And then when you're going to make say just like a sourdough bread, you get the ability to add more water to your dough, and that'll make it seem more moist. So fermentation time is increased by it being more wet. And then also you're adding more water when you're adding your starter to your dough. So it's increases hydration not just to the starter but to the dough. And I hope that answers it.

I'm speaking to Pantone and last but not least, Jared Johnson wants to know where he can get a recipe for Vishal Adela Valtellina

um, I think the alignment brothers have to for that if you look at Masimo, Eli Mo, and Luxilon three, they have a good recipe bank online, they should have a recipe for that.

I've never been to I've never been that North and Italy. I've never been to both of them. Anyway, I hear it's really super pretty. So I'm going to leave you with this. Adam, I know one of your favorite grains to make breads with and I want you to talk about I can tell you my experience in SEC is the snoring white wheat. And what's interesting about this particular wheat is it from Sonoran Desert Haven flour mills they charge a lot don't they? Adam? These people they really do. Yeah, they charge a lot however, the interesting thing to me about this wheat it's for years and years I would trash talk flour tortillas and a friend of mines family is from New Mexico for like they've been like 300 years like they you know like Old School New Mexico's like old school Spanish speaking New Mexico like their family has been there since before. It was an English speaking they're like been there forever. Anyway, he was like you're being a jerk flour tortillas are kind of they're what we grew up on there. So it's not just like, like a white people thing showing up and making Tex Mex stuff out of it. Right. And what I read was that the this snoring white wheat is the week that caused the creation of the flour tortilla. And what's interesting about it you were talking before about elasticity versus extensibility it doesn't form gluten but it has a high protein. So I just made last night flour tortillas with it lard and Sonoran white and oh my god, were those good flour tortillas,

pretty nuts and then just the inherent flavor of the Sonora is so good. It's got Like, it's mellow, but there's like this. For lack of a better term, like creamy creaminess to it that's really unique. It's really good.

When the water hits it, especially when I had the Lord it strangely almost took on a cereal milk smell to it, like it had this kind of intoxicating smell to it the dough you know, and it's not even that hard. It's the hardest one to mill so far has been einkorn. That stuff's a pain to sift. Yeah. Is it super oily? Why is this such a pain?

It's a pain because it's a really hard grain just in general. So when you're when you're putting it through the mill, it's, you know, unless you have like a 10,000 pound mill, you're stressing that. And then also, its ability to absorb water like it's starch availability is lower. It starch quality, I guess you could call it is not as high as a lot of other things. So when you put it through the sifter, it's almost like, like, pebbly. You know, it's like a it's just yeah, and it

clogged. My it was a pain. You know what I mean? Like, but you know, and the dove also felt weird now. I told you I cheated. I had a gluten but it had a weird playdough Yeah, it was weird, dude. Yeah, weird. Tell you later. How, how it tasted by the way stars. True or false? You don't like pentatone? Correct.

I do. I do like it. Okay.

What's the one that you hate them? What's the traditional Italian bread that you don't like?

I don't know. I don't know. Maybe I'm thinking of someone else

who doesn't like fans that John has either doesn't like guys.

I haven't had good pentatone I don't want to say don't like it. I haven't like

Hey, Adam, how about this? I know Matt's gonna kill me. But how about this pentatone On the way out? The giant pantones just a gimmick, right?

It's not better being giant. Definitely a gimmick.

Can you how do you bake something that big? Because like some of the big ones they're like, they're like the size of a table. I'm going to crazy how like, like, hasn't hasn't even work? Have you? How did you do this?

I know it's like the same reason why they do the giant mortadella was in Bologna, they do like 1000 kilo ones and stuff that are just like huge. It's just for they're usually for a saga for a food festival. That's

how much would stars How much would you love to put me on the meat slicer that could do one of those giant mortadella so just be like, shoo, shoo. That'll be the worst. Right? Like sitting there. Like which? Which way? Which direction? Would you rather get fed into the giant mortadella meat slicer?

Oh, head for a few.

You go ahead first.

No, I don't see you at the head in this situation.

I'm already headless torso. Yeah, just that. Okay. Oh my god. So you're saying, Put me put my back against the slicing thing and go that way. Oh, Oh, ouch. gnarly. That's rough. That's rough. All right. Last last real last since I know that you also meet curing. Okay, so people people, vertical slicers are the original slice. The original machine slicer was developed by wa wa van Berkel, and it's a vertical slicing machine. And the carriage that holds the meat pushes the meat across, and you slice piece by piece, as opposed to what we in the United States typically use is called the gravity fed slicer. Where it's on an angle, this is what you see at your local deli. And gravity plus a little pusher thing pushes the meat into the blade. The problem is, is that as you push into the blade, the stuff near the bottom, squeezes out and cause creates what's called a heel, the meat heels out. And every once in a while you need to rotate your meat or pull it out and trim that heel off because it doesn't trim evenly. Otherwise now, vertical slicing everyone says it's better it doesn't smear the fat, and I've not slower, bigger. But is there a way to feed the most of the hangman? I had a vertical slice. And once I used it, I was like, What am I going to do with the rest of his freaking hand? Because you need to have a whole bunch of stuff to hold on to to get a vertical slice or to work properly. Is there a workaround Adam

with the vertical slicer? Well, there's a couple theories. Some some people think that the stuff that can't go through the slicer is then to be used for other applications and not be sliced. Ie like a broth or something like that. Or you're just used for a different thing. They do get tricky. Those vertical slices are pretty dangerous. I don't have any other hack other than to use those bits that you can't get into the slicer just for different applications.

Yeah, well, Anastasia Anastasia is at least kind enough to decapitate me before she puts me on Well Adam, thanks so much for coming enjoy having you on maybe we'll do another grid session at some point in the future you know until you get number people right in. Adam wants to do bread Car Talk bread talk. This time we didn't have people reading the questions that was that's the what we forgot to do. Anastasiia

me read. I know, I

know why did we forget? We just don't?

We didn't forget we we just talked about it too late. But yeah. And also, it's really hard to get a gaggle of people to like, do what we did last

night. Yeah, because they're all complaining that they're as they're working from home that they can't just read like a 32nd question.

Well, thank you very much. Thanks for having me.

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